The Heinrich Schliemann Papers are divided into ten series:

Series A Diaries consists of 18 diaries. Schliemann usually kept a diary only during his travels, so the years of the diaries are not consecutive. Schliemann wrote in the language of the country he was visiting whenever possible, and thus the diaries include passages in French, English, German, Spanish, Italian, Greek, Arabic, Russian, Dutch, and Turkish. Included with Diaries A1, A2, and A8 are typewritten transcriptions. The 1869 diary recording Schliemann's visit to America (pp. 1-20 of diary A13) is on indefinite loan to the Lilly Library of the University of Indiana.

Series B Correspondence consists of 106 boxes containing approximately 34,000 letters written to Schliemann. They are arranged chronologically from 1839 to1890 and range in topic including Schliemann's commercial activities while in Russia, various personal matters, and archaeologically related correspondence. Most of Schliemann's correspondence from 1890 is not in the series and its whereabouts are unknown (cf. Schliemann Papers correspondence; letter November 26, 1955 Ernst Meyer to Gennadius Library).

Series BB Original Letters consists of letters Schliemann himself wrote including letters to Frank and James Calvert, G. Constantine, Friedrich Max Müller, and Amelia Edwards. Francis Bacon donated the Calvert letters to the ASCSA in 1923 and the Friederich Max Müller Papers were given to the Gennadius Library by Lady Wanda Max Müller in 1961. Photocopies of the Amelia Edwards letters were presented by Somerville College in England, and Harvard University donated copies of the letters of Stephen Fields and Messrs. Schlüsser and Co.

Series BBB Copybooks contains 43 volumes of copies Schliemann made of his own outgoing correspondence from 1845 to1890. The volumes of correspondence that were lent to  Ernst Meyer before WWII have never been recovered. The contents of the missing volumes are as follows: July 1876-March 1877, March-July 1877, July1878-July 1879, Oct. 1877-April 1878, June 1885-January 1888.

Series C Manuscripts and other handwritten notes contains manuscripts, both in English and German, for some of Schliemann's publications (including La Chine, Trojanische Alterthumer Bericht über die Ausgrabungen in Troja, and the Excavations at the Boeotian Orchomenos), a draft of a report about the Mycenae excavations, various notes concerning its publication, sketches of vases and a draft of a speech in German.

Series D Personal Documents consists of official documents owned by Schliemann including some of his passports, papers for U.S. citizenship, divorce issues and prenuptial agreement with Sophia, documents pertaining to the firman for the excavations of Troy from the Turkish government, a draft of the application for excavation permit in Troy, documents pertaining to Schliemann's last will and testament, 29 diplomas for his archaeological achievements, and various personal notes.

Series E Economics is divided into three sub-series as follows: sub-series 1 contains 652 documents of accounts, receipts, invoices, copies of invoices and stock exchange bulletins 1846-1889; sub-series 2 contains 38 economic registers divided into three categories (account books, cash books and books of expenses 1847-1890); and sub-series 3 includes photocopies of documents pertaining to transactions with the National Bank of Greece. For a list of Schliemann's documents at the National Bank of Greece, see Schliemann Papers correspondence.

Series F Heinrich Schliemann's Property in Athens and Collection of Coins contains, for the most part, various documentation on Schliemann's property. For the Iliou Melathron, the documents include building contracts, offers for building materials, expense accounts of the building, designs for furniture, payment receipts and an architectural plan of the house. Documentation on the construction of the German Institute and papers pertaining to repairs and renting of the Mousson Street house are also included in this series. A small appendix to the series contains material on Schliemann's coins including a report and catalog of the coins housed in the Iliou Melathron from numismatist Achillea Postolacca.

Series G Miscellaneous largely consists of correspondence, sketches, drawings, notes, business pamphlets and notices, clippings, and copies of books. Of special interest is a catalog of plants of the Troad and offprints of 8 plates from a publication. The remainder of the documents are: announcements and invitations for engagements, weddings, deaths and funerals 1853-89, hotel accounts, medical prescriptions, Ernst Meyer's manuscript notes about the Schliemann Papers from 1938, a typewritten catalogue by Alex Melas for the second part of the Schliemann Papers purchased in 1966, one large bound volume with grammar, orthographic exercises; translations in different languages also containing some correspondence, Schliemann's Russian passports, one booklet with Spanish vocabulary, copies of Schliemann's book, Atlas des Antiquités Troyennes (1874, F.A. Brockhaus, Leipzig), and 46 photographs of Heinrich Schliemann and Family.

Series H Newspaper Clippings consists of clipping from various international newspapers and news agencies and is divided into three sub-series. Sub-series 1 contains the earliest clippings about Schliemann's life and his archaeological work during the years 1873-1890. Apparently, Schliemann himself collected these clippings and amongst these are also stories unrelated to him but of personal interest. Sub-series 2 contains loose clippings from November 1890 to March 1891 associated with Schliemann's illness and death. Sub-series 3 contains clippings associated with the literature on Schliemann after his death, including a book review of the first biography on Heinrich Schliemann by Emil Ludwig in 1931.

Series I Secondary material consists of photocopies, newspaper clippings and offprints associated with Heinrich Schliemann. Most of the material in this series, with the exception of folders 1 and 2, was donated by Prof. George Styl. Korres and it includes photostats of Schliemann's original last will and testament, documents pertaining to the inheritance of the Iliou Melathron, and photocopies of translations and transcriptions by Loukia Frangouli of some of the Sophia-Heinrich correspondence. The remainder of the photocopies in this series are newspaper articles and offprints from 1974 to the present. The topics vary and include material pertaining to the 100th anniversary of Heinrich Schliemann's death (1990), studies of the Iliou Melathron, the re-appearance of the so-called Priam's Treasure of Troy lost in the WWII, and the Schliemann mausoleum. This series also contains contains a media section consisting of three documentary videos made about Schliemann.

Series J Photographs contains original and copies of photographs donated by the Schliemann and Engastromenos family descendants. There are not only numerous photos of Sophia and Heinrich, but also photos of their children (Agamemnon and Andromache), Andromache's family, and family members of the Engastromenos (Kastromenos) and the Ernst Schliemann clan as well.